Today, we are in globalization era where everything has to be developed and appropriate to what exactly people need. Paradigm of teaching is one thing that has to be developed. In this occasion, we will use “traditional teaching” to name the old paradigm of teaching, while the new one will be named “progressive teaching” or “innovative teaching”. Before we compare both of them, let see some levels in teaching. There are four levels in teaching, they are:
1. Spiritual level that contain of
- Spiritual
- Future vision
- Goal/bad
- Ways of life
2. Normal level
- Law
- Decree
- Education system
- Paradigm of education
- Theories of education
3. Formal level
- Curriculum
- Syllabi
- Book
4. Material level
- Class
- Teaching context
- Book
- Building
We will not talk about definition of them, but we are going to compare mathematics teaching in traditional ways and mathematics teaching in progressive or innovative ways based on some levels above.
In traditional teaching, teaching can be described as transfer of knowledge from the teachers to their student. In this case, teacher control the student tightly. Students are assumed as empty vessels so teacher can fulfill them with a bunch of knowledge although the students cannot accept them completely. Students become passive because they do not have any chances to develop their selves or to give opinion about what they learn. Of course that situation is so awful. So, we have to change it. We can transform that paradigm into the new one, or we usually call it as progressive teaching. In progressive or innovative teaching, students are assumed as developing seed. Teachers do not just give them some theories and exercises, but students can construct their own knowledge. Teacher here is just to be a facilitator. For example students have some problems with certain material, so teacher can help them to solve that problem. Students cannot be passive anymore, they need to be active learners and build knowledge based on their paradigm and understanding. They have a bunch of chances to develop their selves.
What about the curriculum? Traditional teaching is popular in 1975 or 1980 so the curriculum is curriculum at those years. They were material oriented. The worse thing is mathematics teachers teach same mathematics, in a same time, with same facilities, same objective, the result is also the same, it is teacher’s thinking, but they teach different students. Is it rational? Absolutely not! So, it is better to move into progressive teaching, where Mathematics teachers give different material to every student, teaching and learning process do not always in a same time, or in the other words we can say that students can study every time, everywhere, in different places, with different facilities, different objectives, and also different result according to their own competencies. The curriculum that can be used is KTSP where school has authority to build its own curriculum by considering the condition of student in that certain school. But it is still depend on the teacher’s paradigm.
Let us move to the teaching method. In traditional teaching, teacher uses expository method. Teachers just explain the material, give the example of that material, and then they just give some problems related to the material, without considering these problems are contextual or not and the last they give students some tasks to do. For some students, those tasks are so annoying because they are forced to do that although actually they do not want to do those tasks. Teachers give score based on final exam and assessment just depends on score. This situation is different from progressive teaching method. As what Mr. Marsigit said that ‘there is no the best way to educate’, in progressive teaching, teacher teaches in various method and the method is contextual to student’s daily life. So students can develop in their own way. As what I said before that teacher is just a facilitator. Assessment does not just depend on score but it is classroom based assessment. Teacher score the progress of the student.
Every teaching and learning process absolutely needs book. But, the problem is in traditional teaching, both teacher and student are text book oriented although the book is not relevant with the situation. What they study is pure math. But, in progressive teaching, book is developed by the teacher so it can be relevant to student’s condition.
The last but not least, in traditional teaching, student study because study is an obligation for them. They do not study in their own willing. But, in progressive teaching, study is a need. Student study because they need knowledge to develop their life.
Reference: Mr. Marsigit Lacture
Kamis, 26 Mei 2011
Kamis, 19 Mei 2011
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION IN GENERAL
Nowadays, only some students that concern in mathematics education. That’s why, we, mathematics department students, have to be happy and proud of ourselves. However, we cannot be careless because of what we can get today. We need to empower our ability and make certain that we are in the right track. Furthermore, with all competencies and facilities that we have, and also support from all beloved guys, it is impossible if we cannot achieve our goal. In the other words, we can say that we have to manage ourselves to be able to make use our competencies, facilities, and support to achieve our goal or vision. We have to keep struggling by not being blind and empty. We cannot be blind, it means that we have to know our mission. While we cannot be empty, it means that we have to fulfill our mission.
As a student of mathematics education department, I am supposed to be a teacher in the future. That is why, my achievement is being a successful teacher. To be a successful mathematics teacher is not easy. I have to see my strength and also my weakness. I need to understand both the inside and outside of me, just through that way I can recognize myself completely. I also have to make a transformation, from younger people to an adult people, especially in the way of thinking. We have to know that life can be defined as characteristic. The characteristic of adult people is they always do something based on their understanding or their self awareness, they cannot be influenced by anyone else. So, to be an adult people I have to transform my past paradigm into my new one. I have to be more independent and not always depend on teacher or lecture.
Besides that, to be a successful teacher, I have to understand that students are supposed to complete the teacher. Teacher is not always right. That’s why, we, teacher and students, need to complete each other. Teacher not only teaches in front of the class but can also use some kinds of education video to tell the students about mathematics. That’s why, I have to be able to master technology or IT.
There are some problems of mathematics education. One of them is difference in the way of thinking between younger students to older students. As a candidate of teacher, I have to recognize it. I need to differentiate the teaching method for younger student and older student. I have to understand when I have to teach about mathematics in physic form, scheme form, model form and formal form.
Another important thing is I have to recognize that there is a big difference between study math and teach math. As what I told before, that both teacher and student have to complete each other, it means that the right word is study math or learning math. Not only student who study, but teacher needs study math too. As a candidate of teacher, I need to make sure myself that we study is about improve our paradigm. So I have to study as long as I live.
The last is, to be a successful teacher, I have to prepare myself to be a professional teacher. I have to prepare everything I need to teach, especially lesson plane and student worksheet. Good preparation is one way to be success . . . ^^
As a student of mathematics education department, I am supposed to be a teacher in the future. That is why, my achievement is being a successful teacher. To be a successful mathematics teacher is not easy. I have to see my strength and also my weakness. I need to understand both the inside and outside of me, just through that way I can recognize myself completely. I also have to make a transformation, from younger people to an adult people, especially in the way of thinking. We have to know that life can be defined as characteristic. The characteristic of adult people is they always do something based on their understanding or their self awareness, they cannot be influenced by anyone else. So, to be an adult people I have to transform my past paradigm into my new one. I have to be more independent and not always depend on teacher or lecture.
Besides that, to be a successful teacher, I have to understand that students are supposed to complete the teacher. Teacher is not always right. That’s why, we, teacher and students, need to complete each other. Teacher not only teaches in front of the class but can also use some kinds of education video to tell the students about mathematics. That’s why, I have to be able to master technology or IT.
There are some problems of mathematics education. One of them is difference in the way of thinking between younger students to older students. As a candidate of teacher, I have to recognize it. I need to differentiate the teaching method for younger student and older student. I have to understand when I have to teach about mathematics in physic form, scheme form, model form and formal form.
Another important thing is I have to recognize that there is a big difference between study math and teach math. As what I told before, that both teacher and student have to complete each other, it means that the right word is study math or learning math. Not only student who study, but teacher needs study math too. As a candidate of teacher, I need to make sure myself that we study is about improve our paradigm. So I have to study as long as I live.
The last is, to be a successful teacher, I have to prepare myself to be a professional teacher. I have to prepare everything I need to teach, especially lesson plane and student worksheet. Good preparation is one way to be success . . . ^^
Kamis, 14 April 2011
Indeep Thinking About Mathematics Education
Now I am studying at Yogyakarta State University and I take mathematics education program. Last Friday, my lecture, Mr. Marsigit told us about something important in studying mathematics education. He said that we are lucky because we are in mathematics education program. If we take mathematics education program, we are supposed to be mathematics teachers in the future. Of course, as a teacher, I will face some kids, called students. They will be younger than me and have less mathematics experience if it is compared to me. So I have to consider that their way to study mathematics is different to my way to study mathematics. Now, the question is what is the difference between university students and pupils in the way of studying mathematics?
Before we talk about that, we have to understand that younger student has different thought to older student, in this case university student. What is the difference? Younger students always think about real material that can be found easily in their daily life. But older students are able to think about something abstract that just can be found in their mind. Based on that fact, now we are able to answer “what is the difference between university students and pupils in the way of studying mathematics?”.
As we have talked before that older people can think abstractly, so we can say that mathematics for them is about ‘knowledge object’ that just can be found in their mind. University mathematics is something abstract, it does not need some example in the daily life, it is about some proof of theorem, postulate, etc. mathematics is something ideal. When we say about ‘line’, what is supposed in our mind is something that is perfectly thick, has unlimited length and really straight. We have to be able to differentiate, which one is ‘line’, ‘line picture’, and ‘line model’. But, it doesn’t happen in school mathematics. Since, for younger students mathematics is just model of think that can be found in their daily life. In school mathematics, we don’t have to talk about proof of theorem, postulate, etc. We just have to give the real problem and material or contextual thing that can be easily found in their life. For example, when we talk about cube, what they think must be the model of cube. So we need some model or visual aid to help us in teach mathematics to them.
Ebutt and Straker (1995) define school mathematics as followed:
1. Mathematics is a source of pattern and relationship.
So younger students in studying mathematics they will search some examples of problems, after that they will find the pattern of solution for those problems. And finally they can find the relationship between the problem and the right solution.
2. Mathematics is problem solving activity.
Mathematics is about problem. Teachers usually give some problems or exercise to their students and the students should answer it or find the solution of the problem.
3. Mathematics is investigation activity.
In studying mathematics, student have to make an analysis about all mathematics object.
4. Mathematics is a means of communication.
Studying mathematics is not just can understand the concept, but student have to be able to communicate it with other.
What is the characteristic of student learn mathematics?
1. Students active if they have good motivation and good apperception.
if students want to be success in learning mathematics, they have to have good preparation and also big motivation.
2. That student learn mathematics individually.
In learning mathematics, students cannot be replaced by another people for all reason. Studying mathematics is individual experience.
3. That student learn math with collaboration with others.
Although mathematics is an individual learning experience, but students have to be able to work together with another people, or in the other word, work in team to discuss and solve some mathematics problems.
4. That the student learn mathematics in context.
Student can learn mathematics easily when they can imagine and think about the use of it in their daily life.
Before we talk about that, we have to understand that younger student has different thought to older student, in this case university student. What is the difference? Younger students always think about real material that can be found easily in their daily life. But older students are able to think about something abstract that just can be found in their mind. Based on that fact, now we are able to answer “what is the difference between university students and pupils in the way of studying mathematics?”.
As we have talked before that older people can think abstractly, so we can say that mathematics for them is about ‘knowledge object’ that just can be found in their mind. University mathematics is something abstract, it does not need some example in the daily life, it is about some proof of theorem, postulate, etc. mathematics is something ideal. When we say about ‘line’, what is supposed in our mind is something that is perfectly thick, has unlimited length and really straight. We have to be able to differentiate, which one is ‘line’, ‘line picture’, and ‘line model’. But, it doesn’t happen in school mathematics. Since, for younger students mathematics is just model of think that can be found in their daily life. In school mathematics, we don’t have to talk about proof of theorem, postulate, etc. We just have to give the real problem and material or contextual thing that can be easily found in their life. For example, when we talk about cube, what they think must be the model of cube. So we need some model or visual aid to help us in teach mathematics to them.
Ebutt and Straker (1995) define school mathematics as followed:
1. Mathematics is a source of pattern and relationship.
So younger students in studying mathematics they will search some examples of problems, after that they will find the pattern of solution for those problems. And finally they can find the relationship between the problem and the right solution.
2. Mathematics is problem solving activity.
Mathematics is about problem. Teachers usually give some problems or exercise to their students and the students should answer it or find the solution of the problem.
3. Mathematics is investigation activity.
In studying mathematics, student have to make an analysis about all mathematics object.
4. Mathematics is a means of communication.
Studying mathematics is not just can understand the concept, but student have to be able to communicate it with other.
What is the characteristic of student learn mathematics?
1. Students active if they have good motivation and good apperception.
if students want to be success in learning mathematics, they have to have good preparation and also big motivation.
2. That student learn mathematics individually.
In learning mathematics, students cannot be replaced by another people for all reason. Studying mathematics is individual experience.
3. That student learn math with collaboration with others.
Although mathematics is an individual learning experience, but students have to be able to work together with another people, or in the other word, work in team to discuss and solve some mathematics problems.
4. That the student learn mathematics in context.
Student can learn mathematics easily when they can imagine and think about the use of it in their daily life.
Kamis, 24 Februari 2011
Good Morning Sunshine!!
it's friday already. hmm,,the next few hour is weekend. what's wrong with weekend?? i always love saturday and sunday. what about monday? i like it too in some cases. if i have a big power and spirit to start the next week, i love monday. but if i don't have spirit and willingness, i don't like monday. my problem is, nowadays i don't like monday. i always feel tired. i think my schedule in this semester is not as friendly as my schedule in the previous semester. that's not good of course..so that, i need a strategy, dooor!!noh God, give me strength, please..^^
so now,,let start this friday with a full spirit and smile :D
good morning sunshine!!
so now,,let start this friday with a full spirit and smile :D
good morning sunshine!!
Rabu, 23 Februari 2011
my first English class meeting
Friday February 18th 2011 was my first English class meeting in this semester. I took 2 sks for it. Actually my class would be hold in the first period, but because my lecture had to go to another class I changed my schedule into the third period, so my friends and I had to wait for the class for several hours.
My English class was scheduled to be hold at 1 pm, but we had problem with the room. My friends and I are supposed to use room number 209, but that room had been used to hold a meeting so we had to move to another class. We walked around to find the class. Unfortunately we could not find it. So we decided to call our English lecture, Mr. Marsigit. Finally we could find the room. We took room number 107 as our English room.
First time I saw my English lecture, I was so curious. I asked to myself, why Mr. Marsigit use such of bandage in his neck?? Did he get an accident several days ago?? But, I decided not to ask about it. I walked to the room and tried to find a comfortable sit for me. Unfortunately, I got the sit in the first row. It’s not a big deal since Mr. Marsigit asked us to make a round around his chair. Haha, you know guys, I didn’t have to move my chair because I was in the first row. That was the luck of the first row student, hihi. Next, Mr. Marsigit started to introduce himself. He told us about him, his family, his job, and his bandage in his neck. He also told about his experiences. He was graduated from England University, wow. He was bored to go abroad because he went abroad almost every years, woow. He went to Japan once a year, wooow. Do you know guys, one of my big dream in this life is I want to study abroad. I went to Japan some years ago and I really want to get there again. It seems so great if I can study there and explore about its culture.
Mr. Marsigit said that if you went abroad you can have a bunch of new siblings from Indonesia although when we was in Indonesia we didn’t recognize each other. That’s true. From his story, I could conclude that, if we have dream and we tried hard to make it come true so we can really make it come true.
My English class was scheduled to be hold at 1 pm, but we had problem with the room. My friends and I are supposed to use room number 209, but that room had been used to hold a meeting so we had to move to another class. We walked around to find the class. Unfortunately we could not find it. So we decided to call our English lecture, Mr. Marsigit. Finally we could find the room. We took room number 107 as our English room.
First time I saw my English lecture, I was so curious. I asked to myself, why Mr. Marsigit use such of bandage in his neck?? Did he get an accident several days ago?? But, I decided not to ask about it. I walked to the room and tried to find a comfortable sit for me. Unfortunately, I got the sit in the first row. It’s not a big deal since Mr. Marsigit asked us to make a round around his chair. Haha, you know guys, I didn’t have to move my chair because I was in the first row. That was the luck of the first row student, hihi. Next, Mr. Marsigit started to introduce himself. He told us about him, his family, his job, and his bandage in his neck. He also told about his experiences. He was graduated from England University, wow. He was bored to go abroad because he went abroad almost every years, woow. He went to Japan once a year, wooow. Do you know guys, one of my big dream in this life is I want to study abroad. I went to Japan some years ago and I really want to get there again. It seems so great if I can study there and explore about its culture.
Mr. Marsigit said that if you went abroad you can have a bunch of new siblings from Indonesia although when we was in Indonesia we didn’t recognize each other. That’s true. From his story, I could conclude that, if we have dream and we tried hard to make it come true so we can really make it come true.
Langganan:
Postingan (Atom)